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Thomas Littleton Powys, 4th Baron Lilford was a British aristocrat and ornithologist. He was one of the eight founders of the British Ornithologists' Union in 1858, and its president from 1867 until his death. He was also the first President of the Northamptonshire Natural History Society. He travelled widely, especially around the Mediterranean and his extensive collection of birds was maintained in the grounds of Lilford Hall. Until 1891, his aviaries featured birds from around the globe, including rheas, kiwis, Pink-headed ducks and a pair of free-flying Bearded vultures. He was responsible for the introduction of the Little owl into England in the 1880s. He wrote about birds including Notes on the Birds of Northamptonshire and Neighbourhood (1895) and Coloured Figures of the Birds of the British Islands, which was completed by Osbert Salvin after his death. A species of European lizard, Podarcis lilfordi, is named in his honour

August von Pelzeln was an Austrian ornithologist. He studied at the University of Vienna, later working as an assistant under helminthologist Karl Moriz Diesing in the Hof-Naturalien-Cabinet from 1851. In 1857 he acquired curatorial duties formerly held by Johann Jakob Heckel, and subsequently became in charge of the bird (1857) and mammal (1869) collections. He worked on the birds collected by Johann Natterer in Brazil (343 species)

Colonel Richard Meinertzhagen was a British soldier, intelligence officer and ornithologist

Konrad Zacharias Lorenz was an Austrian zoologist, ethologist and ornithologist. He shared the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Nikolaas Tinbergen and Karl von Frisch. He is often regarded as one of the founders of modern ethology, the study of animal behaviour. He developed an approach that began with an earlier generation, including his teacher Oskar Heinroth. Lorenz studied instinctive behaviour in animals, especially in greylag geese and jackdaws. Working with geese, he investigated the principle of imprinting. Although Lorenz did not discover the topic, he became widely known for his descriptions of imprinting as an instinctive bond. Lorenz's work was interrupted by the onset of World War II and in 1941 he was recruited into the German Army as a medic. In 1944, he was sent to the Eastern Front where he was captured by the Soviet Red Army and spent four years as a German Prisoner of War in Soviet Armenia. Lorenz wrote numerous books, some of which, such as King Solomon's Ring, On Aggression, and Man Meets Dog, became popular reading

Ronald Mathias Lockley was a Welsh ornithologist and naturalist. He wrote over 50 books on natural history, including a major study of shearwaters. He is perhaps best known for his book The Private Life of the Rabbit

Colonel William Vincent Legge was an Australian soldier and an ornithologist who documented the birds of Sri Lanka. Legge's hawk-eagle is named after him as is Legge's flowerpecked and Legges Tor, the second highest peak in Tasmania. He was a member of the Zoological Society of London

Leonard Howard Loyd Irby was a British ornithologist and army officer. He specialised in the study of birds in southern Iberia

William Henry Hudson (known in Argentina as Guillermo Enrique Hudson) was an Anglo-Argentine author, naturalist and ornithologist. Hudson spent his youth studying the local flora and fauna in Argentina while publishing his ornithological work in the Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society. He produced a series of ornithological studies, including Argentine Ornithology (1888-1899) and British Birds (1895)