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Paul Belloni Du Chaillu was a French-American traveller, zoologist and anthropologist. He became famous in the 1860s as the first modern European to confirm the existence of gorillas

Wilhelm Karl Hartwich (or Hartwig) Peters was a German naturalist and explorer. He was assistant to the anatomist Johannes Peter Müller and later became curator of the Berlin Zoological Museum. Encouraged by Müller and the explorer Alexander von Humboldt, Peters travelled to Mozambique via Angola in September 1842, exploring the coastal region and the Zambesi River. He returned to Berlin with an enormous collection of natural history specimens, which he then described in Naturwissenschaftliche Reise nach Mossambique... in den Jahren 1842 bis 1848 ausgeführt (1852–1882). He replaced Martin Lichtenstein as curator of the museum in 1858, and in the same year he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In a few years, he greatly increased the Berlin Museum's herpetological collection to a size comparable to those of Paris and London. Herpetology was Peters' main interest, and he described 122 new genera and 649 species from around the world

William Spiers Bruce was a British naturalist, polar scientist and oceanographer who organised and led the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition to the South Orkney Islands and the Weddell Sea

Sir Henry Hamilton Johnston was a British explorer, botanist, artist, colonial administrator and linguist who travelled widely in Africa. He published 40 books on African subjects and was one of key players in the Scramble for Africa that occurred at the end of the 19th century

Sir Clements Robert Markham was an English geographer, explorer and writer. He was secretary of the Royal Geographical Society between 1863 and 1888, and later served as the Society's president for a further 12 years. In the latter capacity he was mainly responsible for organising the British National Antarctic Expedition of 1901-1904, and for launching the polar career of Robert Falcon Scott

Captain Robert Falcon Scott was a Royal Navy officer and explorer who led two expeditions to the Antarctic regions: the Discovery expedition of 1901-1904 and the Terra Nova expedition of 1910-1913

Frederick Courteney Selous was a British explorer, officer, professional hunter and conservationist, famous for his exploits in Southeast Africa

Captain John Hanning Speke was an English explorer and officer in the British Indian Army who made three exploratory expeditions to Africa. He is most associated with the search for the source of the Nile and was the first European to reach Lake Victoria

Robert Brown was a British scientist, explorer and author. He was a lecturer on geology, botany and zoology in Edinburgh and Glasgow, and was a member of many learned societies in England, American and on the Continent